Gothic Literature: the Fascination with Terror

Traci L. Pugh Dr. Golden Reagan-Kendrick ENG 45023-SU-2012-OA Seminar in American Literature 8 August 2012 Gothic Literature: The Fascination with Terror People have an inherent dread of the dim and the obscure. While each person’s level of tension and object of fear are extraordinary, the interest to uncover them has motivated Gothic creators, for example, Mary Shelley, Edgar Allan Poe, Stephen King, and Stephenie Meyer for three centuries. Subjects of these exemplary stories incorporate vampires, revival of the dead, apparitions, murder, witches, and love.These stories and sonnets can panic crowds since they can include truth of things individuals appreciate with a bit of the incomprehensible. Gothic essayists use dread, puzzle, and energy to test the dim parts of life by uncovering inward human dread. Mary Shelley was a Romantic Gothic creator, and it is theorized that Frankenstein represents â€Å"internal clashes and educational encounters with what may have been their s igns in the fictionalized characters she created† (D’Amato 117). She was stranded at an early age, and passing was no more unusual to her because of the passings of her sister and her husband’s first wife.Mary dreaded conceiving an offspring, predominantly on the grounds that her mom kicked the bucket eleven days in the wake of bringing forth her, yet D’ Amato recommends that she â€Å"may have accepted any kid she delivered would acquire the subdued, abhorred, and dangerous pieces of herself† (122). Shelley’s work may have reflected her life, yet it was regular for Gothic writers of this opportunity to expound on â€Å"the nation’s dreams, and their own† (â€Å"Gothic Undercurrents†). The mid nineteenth century was a period of dread because of quick changes in the country: annulment, the Great Depression, war, and the bank crisis.These occasions gave Americans the inclination that â€Å"life was an analysis that had gon e appallingly wrong,† and these scholars investigated this dread with writing (â€Å"Gothic Undercurrents†). This recently discovered style of composing uncovered the clouded side of humankind, yet it additionally scrutinized the riddle of unsolvable issues. These works examined the evil spirits of the country and the essayists. Frankenstein started as Mary Shelley’s dream in 1816, and her story of depression, restoring the dead, murder, blame, and vengeance has been named an abstract classic.The primary character, Victor Frankenstein, accepts he has found the mystery of life and broadcasts, â€Å"Darkness had no impact upon my extravagant; and a congregation yard was to me simply the repository of bodies denied of life, which, from being the seat of magnificence and quality, had become nourishment for the worm† (Shelley 79). When the beast is made, it feels surrendered and begins slaughtering. The animal coincidentally causes the demise of an honest young lady. Victor understands his creation is desolate, and simply a cursed thing, so he chooses to devastate it.A venture into the mountains follows, yet a break in the ice partitions their ways. At the point when Frankenstein passes on, the beast comes to see him and says, â€Å"Blasted as thou wert, my distress was as yet better than thine; for the unpleasant sting of regret may not stop to annoy in my injuries til' the very end will close them for ever† (Shelley 244). This story uncovers that the dead, when revived, resemble a furious youngster who lashes out at a parent who has deceived them. The sentiment of relinquishment was what Shelley attempted to catch in this dismal story of adoration and misfortune, and this subject would proceed with future authors.Edgar Allan Poe, thought about a Victorian Gothic, was additionally a vagrant whose life appeared to be loaded with catastrophe. He endured an unmerciful substitute dad, was kicked out of the University of Virginia, drop ped out of West Point, wedded his multi year old cousin, and lived in neediness with his independent way of life (Doctorow 241). The main impetus behind his work was that he grasped his own wretchedness since he accepted that his enduring was characteristic. His accounts were written in the mid-nineteenth century, and individuals were as yet terrified of their dubious futures.Poe utilized this to his advantage in what he called, â€Å"Imp of the Perverse †the power inside us that makes us do exactly what welcomes on our destruction† (241). This sort of reasoning was the reason for a considerable lot of his accounts, and the greater part of his characters were the purpose behind their own issues and death. Poe â€Å"worked hard at organizing his stories of highborn crazy people, self-tormented killers, neurasthenic necrophiliacs, and other degenerate sorts to deliver the best conceivable awful impacts on his readers† (Baym 674).He was very effective in this underta king, as the vast majority partner Poe’s name with dull, terrible, deadly stories. His â€Å"Philosophy of Composition† recounts his conviction that â€Å"the incomparable subject for a sonnet is the passing of a wonderful woman† (Doctorow 242). This is obvious in one of his most acclaimed sonnets, â€Å"The Raven. † Possibly one of Poe’s most chafing sonnets, â€Å"The Raven† is cadenced and could be combined with a good soundtrack with steady notice of the entryway, Lenore, evermore, and nevermore. The utilization of clear symbolism makes the peruser see this dark raven sitting on the entryway pecking at it.The principle character is a man lamenting for his lost love, Lenore, and he accepts the thumping sound is her returning. The raven says however single word, â€Å"Nevermore. † The man considers what this implies, and inquires as to whether it is an errand person from God or the fallen angel. Again the Raven says, â€Å"Nevermor e. † Spiraling into frenzy and misery, he asks the winged animal, â€Å"Take thy nose from out my heart, and take thy structure from off my entryway. Quoth the Raven, ‘Nevermore’† (Poe 74). The Raven remains at the entryway and everlastingly torments the man with his redundant call.This vulnerability about death was a Gothic strength, and the presentation of creatures and their secretive characteristics would demonstrate to rouse future scholars. After a century, stories of Modern Horror would expand on their grotesque roots and join mainstream society to alarm perusers more than ever. Stephen King, regularly named the ace of repulsiveness, has frozen crowds with stories of satanic vehicles, had youngsters, undead pets and individuals, outsiders, and the innate fiendishness in all individuals. King’s motivation comes from â€Å"his own background and dreams, mainstream society, and his perusing of old internment lore† (Nash 151).Even however m ost artistic pundits don't concur with his composing style, repulsiveness fans are entranced by the pictures he makes. Lord and Shelley both play on fears â€Å"such as the hazardous nature and well known dread of science and technology† (151), however King is â€Å"more ready to handle expressly social issues rather than the conventional Gothic distraction with character and character† (152). A large number of King’s stories focus on a dread of the dead, yet they likewise bring up the issue of whether the dead need to return and the outcomes that follow.Love is an amazing thing and individuals never need to relinquish a friend or family member, however at what cost would they say they will have that individual back? Stephen King’s most terrifying story, Pet Sematary, asks and answers this very inquiry by showing an advanced family and the horrendous, yet typical, happenings that destroy the family and conjure the requirement for the otherworldly. The Cre eds move to another house in Maine to begin another life. Mr. Statement of faith is a specialist at the University, and he becomes friends with the old neighbor nearby. The neighbor recounts an Indian graveyard past the pet burial ground where the dead can come back.The family feline, Church, is murdered by a truck on the bustling street before the house, and Mr. Ideology urgently covers the body in the â€Å"magic circle† of the cemetery to shield from advising this frightfulness to his little girl. The feline returns to life, however is â€Å"changed, if not psychotic† (Nash 156). Before long, the most youthful child, Gage, meets a similar sad destiny as the feline. The dad is overwhelmed by distress and quickly covers the young man in a similar spot. Gage returns a similar style as the feline and murders his mom and the neighbor.Even however the dad is a specialist, and recognizes what the beast that looks like his child is able to do, he again makes an excursion to the graveyard to cover his better half. He sits and hangs tight for her to show up. Love makes individuals urgent and ready to cross ridiculous limits so as to get away from torment. Journalists have utilized the association among adoration and demise to investigate new roads with sickening dread. Stephenie Meyer has entranced crowds with her Twilight arrangement by acquainting us with a universe of powerful creatures, desire, old settlements, and love.Much like her Gothic forerunners, Meyers utilizes her fantasies and mainstream society to rouse her stories. Her vampires vary from the prior variants in that â€Å"our vampires mirror our feelings of dread of new, changing or disintegrated boundaries† (Mutch 76). New points, for example, â€Å"violent narrow mindedness in the U. S. also, elsewhere† are uncovered by her characters going â€Å"to extraordinary lengths to conceal their actual identity† (78). This new age of animals mirror the hunger for blood and h eavenly quality of the first beasts that started this time, however a respect for human life sets these apart.The by and large perspective on the Twilight arrangement, by Stephenie Meyer, is that affection vanquishes all, even demise. Much like Gothic writing itself, this story includes a very long time of vampires escaping the light to keep up presence among their prey. The human young lady, Bella, is enamored with a vampire, Edward, and they realize that being together is inconceivable. She is happy to take her life and join his dull world, yet he is reluctant to guarantee her mortality. In a similar soul as Frankenstein, Edward considers his to be as a dad figure, yet

Enrollment System Chapter2

Part 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES This section gives the related writing and studies critical to the proposed framework. This section additionally incorporates the hypothetical structure of the current framework, and the calculated structure of the proposed framework. Related Literature Computerization of each procedure lessens human mistakes and handling time, it can likewise help up profitability. â€Å"Computers are the best methods for capacity and the board of information, they can fill in as gigantic information bases and can be saddled for a wide range of money related exchanges attributable to their preparing influence and capacity limits. As PCs are a day by day utility, they have increased massive significance in everyday life. † - http://www. buzzle. com/articles/significance of-PC instruction. html Computer gives a huge stockpiling of information, which can be utilized by a significant stretch of time. It is the incredible preferred position of PC against the manual written by hand procedure of enlistment. Nearby. Our country†¦ (in any event 5 references, 2006 and above) Further examined.. Remote. Technology†¦ (at any rate 5 references, 2006 and above) Different †¦ Related Studies Neighborhood. In the led investigation of Charlene G. Bulao et. al in their undergrad practicality study entitled â€Å"A Proposed Computerized Enrollment System for Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Valenzuela†, the contextual investigation expressed that the school’s enlistment process are tedious, repetitive understudy records, and has a moderate recovery of understudy records. Comparable with the expressed issue of manual enlistment framework at Canumay National High School the main contrast is that Pamantasn ng Lungsod ng Valenzuela (PLV) equires installment for the education cost. Both of the examination plan to build up a framework that will decrease the repetition of understudies data, diminish the expended time in enlistment process, and a quick recovery of understudies records. The proposed investigation by Gretchen S. Bation et. al (March 2011) in their undergrad postulation study entitled â€Å"LAN-Based Enrollment System for San Diego Parochial School†, they intend to build up a framework that is made sure about and sorted out using sign in structure so as to keep away from unapproved access in the framework. A framework that will naturally area the understudy, a framework that will give an advantageous method to recover, update, and oversee understudies records utilizing electronic database, and a framework that will consequently process the installment of education cost and parities of the understudy. The investigation is likewise like the proposed examination by the advocates, the main contrast is the framework for San Diego Parochial School has a calculation for the installment of education cost comparable with the PLV. In the examination led by Viroel Marcelo et. l (March 2003) in their undergrad practicality study entitled â€Å"Enrollment System of San Francisco High School†, the fundamental goal of their examination is to help the innovation of the school regarding enlistment, a mechanized enlistment framework that will give all understudies and employee an exact, quicker, increasingly effective and advantageous to the enlistment procedure of the establishment. Comparable w ith the examination, the framework proposed by the advocates likewise plans to present something new with the enlistment procedure that will profit the two understudies and employees. San Francisco High School and Canumay National High School is both a state funded school, both of the framework isn't require to register for the installment of education cost. Outside. The proposed The proposed†¦ Theoretical Framework of the Study Figure 4 Theoretical Framework of the Existing Enrollment System of Canumay National High School The worldview shows the current framework that features the weakness of a manual enlistment framework. In the current framework, understudies ordinarily topped off the enlistment structure requesting their own data joined by their report card last school year. Employees will gather all the documents presented by the enrollees. During the get-away period, instructors will currently isolate the understudy by their normal evaluation and search for the student’s records in their cupboards. After the partition of areas the educator will compose the rundown of understudies selected per segment in their columnar, enrollees will know the fitting segment upon the beginning of classes. Theoretical Framework of the Study Figure 5 Conceptual Framework of the Proposed Advance Enrollment System for Canumay National High School The worldview shows the proposed framework that features the benefit of an automated enlistment framework. In the proposed framework, all the significant data of each enrollee will be filled â€up in a structure and to be spare in the framework for simple recovery for the following enlistment season along with their report card. The inputted evaluations will be registered by the framework and will consequently pick the suitable area of the selected understudy. The framework will currently create the printed timetable of the understudies and it can likewise deliver the printed duplicate of all the selected understudies per area. â€â€â€â€â€â€â€- INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT HANDWRITTEN STUDENT INFORMATION; NAME, ADDRESS, PARENT’S NAME. REPORT CARD MANUAL: COMPUTATION RECORD OF DATA SEARCH OF DATA COMPILATION OF DATA MANUAL RECORDING OF INFORMATION; WRITTEN LIST OF STUDENTS INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT FILL-UP STUDENT INFORMATION; NAME, ADDRESS, PARENT’S NAME. REPOR T CARD AUTOMATIC COMPILATION; DBMS HANDLES ALL FILES ADEQUATE PRINTED REPORT: PRINTED SCHEDULE; PRINTED LIST OF STUDENTS PER SECTION

Social Media Guidelines Marketing Best Practices

Social Media Guidelines Marketing Best Practices .elementor-19992 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19992{text-align:center}Last Updated on February 24, 2020As a small business owner, you know the ins and outs of your business. But do you also have your social media guidelines in place?Social media is vital for every small business. Search engines use social media as a page ranking factor. Potential customers look to social media to establish trust, learn current information and more. Disclosure As an independent review site, we get compensated if you purchase through the referral links or coupon codes on this page â€" at no additional cost to you. Dismiss alert Your business needs social media. But are you the right person to manage your social media profiles? In most cases, probably not.Here’s why:Table of Contents The Benefits of Social MediaWhat Social Media Platforms Should You Use?What Should You Post on Social Media?The Necessary Hassles of Social MediaWhat is a Social Media Management Company?$99Social for Your Socia l MediaThe Power of Social Media OptimizationConclusionThe Benefits of Social Media Join the FREE TrainingDo You Want To Learn How To Build 6 Figures Authority Sites?Join This Free Training To...Finally have a proven method to finding profitable nichesGet access to a foolproof keyword research methodLearn how to outsource quality contentLearn how to build white hat links to your site without headaches Ideally, you’ll want to publish new content to your social media platforms every day.What Social Media Platforms Should You Use?According to Small Biz Trends, these are the top 6 most popular social media sites:FacebookTwitterLinkedInYouTubePinterestInstagramSo, do you just want to create a profile for each platform? Not necessarily.You really only want to spend time on the platforms where you’ll connect with your potential audience.For instance: LinkedIn caters primarily to business professionals. If you offer a B2B product or service, you’ll definitely want a LinkedIn page .Pinterest caters heavily to women. If your target customers are women, especially if you sell a product which photographs well, then you’ll want a Pinterest page.What Should You Post on Social Media?For the most part, you should avoid direct ads. Typically, people don’t respond well to any type of “hard sell” on social media.You’ll want to use social media to create brand and product awareness. This makes social media an important part of a longer conversion funnel.The majority of content posted on your social media page won’t even be about your products or services directly. Instead, you’ll post current and interesting items related to your industry.Of course, you’ll still post about your brand. This can be info on new products, special sales, and other items more directly related to your business.Personally, I use the “7 and 3” rule. For every 10 posts, I make seven of them related to general news about my industry while the other three are directly about my b rand. Keep in mind, this is just a guideline to help you get started â€" not a hard-and-fast rule to follow at all times.The Necessary Hassles of Social MediaSo, you have to ask yourself: Are you up to the task of managing your social media profiles?Will you be able to post often â€" ideally every day? Do you know what social media platforms your potential customers are using the most? Do you know what content your followers are most interested in? Here’s a quick video about the 5 Types of Posts that Get High Responses on Social Media: It’s perfectly okay if you don’t quite know how to make social media work for your brand. Too many business owners try to do social media on their own and don’t get the great results they deserve.What is a Social Media Management Company?This is a business completely dedicated to social media. They handle basically everything including:Identifying the best platforms for your brandCreating your “voice” and style for your social media presen ceCreating and curating your social media contentPosting your content and interacting with your followersThis is a full-time job. You’re going to get better results hiring a professional to handle all this stuff. But how do you know which company is the best fit for your brand? Personally, I’ve found great success with $99Social. Here’s why:$99Social for Your Social MediaThis company handles all of your social media needs. For $99 a month, they’ll post new content to your Facebook and Twitter pages every day. That’s every single day, 365 days a year, including all holidays. You can add other social media platforms for additional fees.Many social media management companies charge much more than $99 a month. So $99Social is really aiming to be one of the lowest priced management companies around. Plus, they also offer a 14-day money-back guarantee.There are no long-term contracts, either. You pay monthly and can cancel at any time.The Power of Social Media OptimizationSocial media posts should be optimized just like regular content on your website. $99Social will optimize each post to help increase your search engine results position. Social media optimization includes:Posting at the times of day when your audience is most likely to be onlineFormatting the posts to appeal to your customers (blog posts, videos, images or something else)Making your posts easy for your followers to shareConclusionAn effective social media campaign requires at least 10 hours a week. This is time which is better spent on running your business. With $99 Social, you’re really paying less than $2.50 an hour for a complete social media package including daily posts and full social media optimization.Signing up for $99 Social will increase the bottom line for practically any business. A professional social media campaign will increase your search result ranking, brand awareness and ultimately your sales.Now that you understand the importance of social media, you’ll want to h ire $99 Social in order to get the best possible benefits for your small business!

The Consumption Of Crude Oil - 1684 Words

When a family migrates to another city or country, it could be an interesting or frustrating life experience, but at least their lives are not endangered. When humankind migrates to another planet, it might be a wonderful trip to start a new life. However, we also know that it is a trip full of risks and challenges, and a trip that might result in the loss of numerous lives. Some scientists argue that the Earth will soon be unsuitable to inhabit because the Earth is being heavily polluted and the natural resources are being excessively consumed. For instance, air pollution, which is caused by car exhaust or fumes from factories, damages the Earth s atmosphere, being responsible for the decline in the number of many species. Now, the consumption of crude oil is around 90 million barrels per day worldwide and it is certain that the consumption at such a rapid rate is not sustainable. That explains why some scientists and experts advocate migration to another planet which is ideal for l iving. However, it is far more practical for people to continue living on the Earth by prioritizing saving the Earth. It is a mission impossible to find another planet that is as suitable to inhabit as the Earth. Even if scientists find it, the eventual migration of the whole human race to such a planet is also a tremendous challenge. Although it might be beneficial to colonize on other planets by establishing a number of stations on another planet as the first step, the drawbacks of movingShow MoreRelatedThe Link Between Supply And Demand Of Crude Oil Essay1386 Words   |  6 Pagesspecialize in bulk commodity transportation, and crude oil refers to major liquid bulk cargo type. Demand of downstream users and supply in upstream sector impacts the work of shipping companies. The aim of the report is to examine the link between supply and demand of crude oil. 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Essay on Jaws - 1080 Words

Is Jaws a Horror Movie? First I will highlight the brief journey through the horror genre and the conventions that have developed. Second, I will then show how these conventions are used in the film Jaws. Let’s start with the silent era, an era based on monsters, Frakingstien 1910, Dracula 1912, The Phantom Of The Opera 1925. Without sound, there was a heavy emphasis on make – up, adding to the horror and preparing the first convention, which is the reveal of the monster. Facial expressions and body language played big part in early horror movies as it provided the tension. A second convention was the ‘dark property in the middle of nowhere,’ using isolation as a way to build up tension. Through the talkies in the 30’s little†¦show more content†¦The opening of the film is from the shark point of view, underwater, the scene is errie. John Williams distinctive music playing leaves the audience tense, especially because they can’t see the creature. We cut to the camp fire scene which introduces our first convention, the weak female teenager. A young girl, Chrissie Watkins and Tom Cassidy leave the safety of a camp fire to go swimming in the middle of the night. We are moved from a warm, safe elemental scene to the cold, dangerous and open ocean. The final view of the camp fire is a high shot this gives the audience a feeling that something is watching them. We are left feeling unsettled but excited. The teenagers run the broken fence and now ‘out of bounds’ are they safe? Chrissie runs into the water and the camera angle pans back to show the dark ocean with a buoy floating in the distance. A sultry bell sound ringing out, building up an eerie feeling. In the water Chrissie is presented as a lady even underwater Chrissie appears stunning while swimming. This same shot is Spielberg shows the point of view of the shark. At this point the audience knows something is going to happen and Spielberg builds the tension using John Williams score. Spielberg uses diegetic sounds of splashing and non-diegetic sounds to great effective. The music starts very quietly and slowly. As the shark moves through the water, the beat and theShow MoreRelatedJaws: Shark and Water1699 Words   |  7 PagesJaws (1975) Media Coursework Peter Benchley wrote Jaws the novel before it was made into a film directed by Steven Spielberg. Jaws is a thriller/horror with the main aim being to build up suspense and tension. When making the film Jaws Steven Spielberg had to face the challenging task of translating Benchley’s popular novel into a hit movie whilst still maintaining the suspense created through the many textual devices used by Benchley, such as language techniques and sentence structure. 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In Jurassic Park, billionaire John Hammond creates a theme park where cloned dinosaurs come alive, hoping that his ideal resort becomes a major success. Through the use of film style elements, such as editing and mise-en scene, SpielbergRead MoreMovie Analysis of Jaws Essay896 Words   |  4 PagesMovie Analysis of Jaws Martin Brody is the new police chief trying to rid Amity Island of a savage shark terrorising the islanders and tourists alike in the 1976 thriller, Jaws. Jaws was directed by Steven Spielberg and starred Roy Scheider, Robert Shaw and Richard Dreyfuss. Amity Island relies almost fully on the income gained by tourists visiting the island in the summer vacation. 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A horror film should therefore make the audience imagine the terror in order to maximise the fear factor. Many horror films nowadays use similar techniques to those used by Spielberg in the film ‘Jaws’. They use techniquesRead MoreMovie Analysis of Jaws.2238 Words   |  9 PagesReleased in 1975, Jaws was probably one of the best adventure, action, and suspense films of that era. Directed by Steven Spielberg with the following staring main cast members Roy Scheider as Martin Bordy (chief police officer), Richard Dreyfuss as Matt Hooper (marine biologist), Robert Shaw as Quint (local fisherman), Murray Hamilton as Larry Vaughan (town mayor). Jaws the movie, is not like any other any other fish story. The film is about a gigantic 26 foot shark that has an appetiteRead MoreAnalysis of Jaws Essay2353 Words   |  10 PagesAnalysis of Jaws This essay will analyse the film ‘Jaws’ and look at the ways that Steven Spielberg (The director) builds suspense and scares the audience in the film. Jaws was the box-office sensation of 1975 and the number-one hit movie of the decade until 1977s ‘Star Wars’; this was a time when the success or failure of a few blockbusters began to determine the course of the entire motion picture industry. The film is about a killer shark that causes havoc amongRead MoreSteven Spielberg s Film Jaws2274 Words   |  10 PagesSteven Spielberg’s film â€Å"JAWS† (1975), (Spielberg/Universal), uses the motif of an essentially unseen shark, ominously present through unpredictable displays of terrifying violence, to sculpt a message about good, evil, power, arrogance, and vanity within the hegemony of small-town middle class America. Spielberg markets this â€Å"High Concept† (Cook 40), film and its nationalist ideals on a story that is principally based on one image, the shark, and the fallibility of the human decision making processRead MoreSummary of Film Jaws Essay900 Words   |  4 PagesSummary of Film Jaws This essay that I am doing is about a film called Jaws, which was directed by Steven Spielberg. This film is about a killer shark that terrorised people on the Beach of Amity Island on the most popular day of the year, which causes mayhem in the city and between tourists on their summer holiday on the beach.The film is set on the 4th of July because that is Independence Day in America and thats when families go out to the beach and have some fun

Dominos Impact On Corporate Culture - 1632 Words

Domino’s Pizza was an established mega-brand, with more than 8,400 locations internationally. It employed more than 145,000 employees across 55 countries as of 2006, and by all traditional profit-driven evaluation strategies, the company seemed to be highly successful, generating a revenue stream of $1.4 billion USD annually (Lisovicz, 2010). However, by 1998, revenue, growth and market share had begun to stall and analysts wondered how the company would survive entering the twenty-first century. Since then, Domino’s has aggressively targeted the weaknesses in their corporate culture, firmly establishing their place as an industry leader (Lisovicz, 2010). Changing Domino’s culture Domino’s recognized it had become stuck in a culture that failed to fit in to a technological world, and struggled under the weight of an inflexible top-heavy bureaucracy. The company experienced an average turnover rate of 158% annually, meaning Domino’s invested resources into more than 200,000 people per year who added no long-term return on investment (Lief, 2008). More importantly, the organization blindly accepted this as the cost of business in the pizza industry. Change began with replacing key personnel from the top-down, who could not buy-in to the company’s new vision. Domino’s began by replacing several high-ranking executives to remove a pattern of thinking that was unwilling to accept or attempt change (Lisovicz, 2010). Immediately, the new management began leading organizationalShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Scan1557 Words   |  7 Pages(Wheelan Hunger, 2010). The fast food culture in the United States has grown from a $6 billion-a-year industry in 1970 to a massive corporate franchising empire earning more than $170 billion in annual revenue (Food Empowerment Project, 2010). Leading the way in the fast food culture is the pizzeria industry. The pizza industry is a highly competitive market. Although there are many pizza makers ranging from local pizzerias to international franchises, Domino’s Pizza, Inc., and Pizza Hut, Inc. areRead MoreCase Study : Domino s S1590 Words   |  7 PagesDomino’s is Australia’s largest pizza chain, exceeding 600 stores nation-wide. Domino’s ability to make pizza’s hastily in a variety of flavours has seen them sell over 90 million pizza’s annually (Domino s 2017). After 10 years of being on the Australian Stock Exchange, Domino’s generated vast revenues that earned them titles such as ‘one of the most stunning success stories on the Australia share m arket’ (McDuling 2016). Domino’s franchise managers are heavily sales orientated, neglecting theRead MoreHr Practices at Dominos3245 Words   |  13 PagesPRACTICES AT DOMINO’S PIZZA {draw:frame} Submitted to: Dr. G. Prageetha Raju Date: 4th January 2010 SUBMITTED By: Ananya Bhaduri (09BSHYD0092) Neetu Pillai (09BSHYD0493) Ruchi Agrawal (09BSHYD1009) Sanya Jain (09BSHYD0738) Sweta Singhania (09BSHYD0911) HR POLICIES AT DOMINO’S PIZZA _ â€Å"According to the recently held Hewitt Best Employer Survey, Domino’s Pizza India Ltd. has been ranked as the Best Employer in the Quick Service Restaurant (QSR) industry in India. Domino’s has beenRead MoreValue Chain in Dominos Pizza5624 Words   |  23 Pages1.OVERVIEW Domino’s Pizza is the No. 1 Pizza Delivery Company in the world and the undisputed pizza delivery expert. The Company has a unique business and operation model and is a pioneer in the fast food industry. Since 1960, Domino’s Pizza has successfully expanded from 3 outlets in the United State to 9,350 stores operating in seventy countries. Domino’s operation in Malaysia and overseas uses the franchise model. The parent company, Domino’s Pizza LLC is head quartered in Michigan, United StateRead MoreOrganizations And Its Impact On Society Essay2207 Words   |  9 Pageswe graduating with a Masters Degree we are going to meet more and more organizations in the future. Furthermore, we cannot avoid the organization culture when we discuss the topic of organization. It refers to the behavior of members who belong to organizations and the meaning or purpose that are associated with those behaviors. The organization culture includes values, relationships, power and politics, informal and formal behaviors; even new organization members can understand the organizationsRead MoreDominos Australia Case Study4955 Words   |  20 Pages-------------------------- 1 1.0 Description of the Industry ---------------------------------------------------------------- 3 1.1 Brief Description of Domino’s Australia ------------------------------------------- 4 .2 Main Rivals of Domino’s Australia ------------------------------------------------- 5 2.0 Strategy of Domino’s Australia ----------------------------------------------------------- 5 3.0 Macro Analysis ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Read MoreEssay about Dominos Pizza Business Environment3835 Words   |  16 Pagesintroduction Dominos Pizza – pag. 7 – mission goals and strategic objectives – pag. 8 – compare Dominos Pizza and Pizza Hut – pag. 9 TASK 1 – b - stakeholder influence – pag.10 TASK 2 – a - the nature of UK economic system – pag.11 TASK 2 – b - how government manage UK economy – pag.11 – fiscal and monetary policies - pag. 11 – 12 TASK 2 – c - competition policy and regulatory mechanism in UK – pag.12 TASK 3 – a - market structure of Dominos Pizza – pagRead MoreBusiness Management : Domino s Pizza3418 Words   |  14 Pages ROYAL BUSINESS COLLEGE ORGANISATIONAL COMMUNICATION For DOMINO’S PIZZA Date of Submission: 14 Sept. 2014 (Course Code-MAR 8089) Submitted To Submitted By Abdulla NiyazGagandeep Singh Business Management Student ID no- C2092 Department Business Management (Level 7) INTRODUCTION Founded in 1960, Domino s Pizza is the recognized world leader in pizza deliveryRead MoreThe History and Success of Pizza Hut2626 Words   |  11 Pageswell-developed corporation, but it also encountered pure competition with its fellow rivals of selling pizza. The external factors that Pizza Hut faced were due to its competition because it was hard for their business to have complete control over Domino’s Pizza and Godfather’s Pizza. Therefore, there are four recommendation patterns that Pizza Hut can incorporate to help them become a successful company. Godfather’s Pizza was more successful than Pizza Hut during the 1980’s because the popularityRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society Essay2170 Words   |  9 PagesLiving in a century characterized and brimmed by constant technological advances, it is certain that social media has caused great impact within our society. According to different studies conducted by Edison Research, almost 80% of U.S. Americans have a social media profile (see table 1). From a worldwide perspective, 1.96 billion social media users can be estimated; given number is expected to grow to 2.5 billion users by the year 2018. A CMO survey has proven that 90% of young adults (ages 18-29)

Social Preferences or Sacred Values †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Social Preferences or Sacred Values. Answer: Introduction: This news article discusses whether positive discrimination should be allowed in the workplace. Particularly female firefighters in Australia have stated that they are not in favor of positive discrimination in the workplace. Rachel Cowling, an experienced firefighter is afraid that the new recruitment procedure as introduced by the Metropolitan Fire Brigade would not involve the stringent physical training firefighters are require to go through to combat difficult situations. She fears that for the purpose of promoting gender diversity the fire brigade would make the recruitment fast paced. However the MFB denied the claims of Cowling and argued that they had been encountering claims of positive discrimination as put forward by the unions for decades(Barrow, 2015). The Fire brigade department has been warned that they are not compromise their standards for the purpose of propagating any underlying political agenda. However in reply the Jim Higgins, the CEO of the MFB has stated that they have not lowered the standards to make it favorable for the applicants to get recruited. The CEO further stated that the Fire Brigade puts every applicant equal opportunity and puts ever applicant through the same selection process to promote gender diversity in the workplace without compromising the standards. According to the philosophy of Utilitarianism it can be stated that the actions of individuals should aim to promote the greatest good for most number of people. Thus to determine whether actions of the Fire Brigade is in compliance with the theory of Utilitarianism it is important to assess whether it creates the greatest good for the most number of people. It can be analyzed that providing equal opportunity to all applicants prevents discrimination of any sort and thus creates the greatest good for the most number of people. According to the Deontological theory of KANT as opposed to the theory of Utilitarianism, it can be said that the actions of individuals should be based on what is morally good(Chen Schonger, 2017). It focuses on the duty or obligations to promote what is morally good. Thus by applying the deontological theory to this scenario it can be said that the act of promoting gender diversity is the moral duty in order to prevent gender discrimination(Zamir Medina, 2017) However, as opposed by Cowling the act of recruiting more female fire fighters without putting them through the intense and stringent training program just to promote gender diversity will compromise the skill and ability of the fire fighters. If these skills are not developed combating fire in difficult situations will become a challenge to fire fighters and the same is likely to adversely affect the lives of the fire fighters as well as the members of the society(Davey, 2018). It can be said that if female fire fighters are recruited more just to promote gender diversity without putting them through proper selection process as alleged by Cowling, it will create positive discrimination. It can be argued that one has the moral duty to prevent positive discrimination. Moreover jeopardizing the lives of the fire fighters and the people of the society at large can be considered to be unethical and immoral. Bibliography Barrow, R. (2015). Utilitarianism: A contemporary statement. Routledge. Chen, D. L., Schonger, M. (2017). Social preferences or sacred values? theory and evidence of deontological motivations. Davey, M. (2018, March 12). We dont want positive discrimination,' say female firefighters.the Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2016/jan/29/we-dont-want-positive-discrimination-say-female-firefighter Zamir, E., Medina, B. (2017). Deontological Morality and Economic Analysis of Law.

Opposition to the Legalization of Same Sex Marriage

Introduction The term homosexuality appeared to have been used for the first time in the year 1869. In 1871, Germany government criminalized against such act. By 1947, an Institute for Sex Research was incorporated in Indiana. In the year 1961, a Vatican said that anyone involved with homosexuality was not eligible to take religious vows. Later in 1972, a church in Netherlands argued that gays and lesbians could also serve as pastors.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Opposition to the Legalization of Same Sex Marriage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The United Methodist Church in U.S.A. voted against the issue of â€Å"compatibility between the church and homosexuality†. Ever since, there have been a number of advances on the subject of gay affairs. In a good number of States, prejudice of groups based on their sexual orientation has been forbidden. This document aim to argue that validation of homosexuali ty has a harmfully influence on the community ethical fabric or cause discrepancy in relations. Concession Majority of spiritual associations have based their opinions on holy scripts and argued that justification of homosexuality has led to erosion of ethical values within the American people. This moral approach has played enormous position throughout political movements where people values have superseded the aspiration to decriminalize homosexuality particularly in school boards and sacred unions. In their point of view, spiritual groups argue that marriage is sanctified union and therefore holy. They as a result argue that God created man and bespoke him to fill up the world through his union with the female partner and not people of same sexual category (Ayers and Brown 15). Secondly, opponents of homosexuality advice that marriage amid people of identical gender does not hold any logic as it lack rationale and purpose. They emphasize that marriage between man and woman has a primary objective of giving birth. Conversely, marriage between people of the same gender does not have this objective. On top of siring, marriage of similar sexual category can be done for the main intention of material goods allotment and companionship. The anti-homosexuality bodies argue that these can be accomplished without marrying. There are regulations that would contentedly attend to the matters of material goods sharing and heritage (Sherman 14). These urgings nevertheless, have not been able to persuade pro-homosexuality bodies. It is based on this that I personally oppose legalization of marriages of the same sex. Science and homosexuality Initially, they dispute that homosexuality is normal and inherited. Whilst anti-homosexual lobbies dispute that this is a conduct acquired from the setting, science has confirmed that homosexuality is an innate issue (Garber 16).Advertising Looking for essay on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper wit h 15% OFF Learn More Le Vay’s 1991 research showed that there are structural distinctions within the mind of homosexual men and their heterosexual complements. According to the research, it was acknowledged that interstitial nuclei located in the anterior hypothalamus of individuals’ brain demonstrated structural diversity in the two categories of men. In homosexuals, the structure was minor in comparison to the heterosexual counterparts. He affirmed that the dimension of this structure had a responsibility to tackle in determining person’s sexual orientation. This implies that homosexuality is not a behavior acquired from the surrounding but an inborn occurrence. It is therefore crucial that such groups are given sovereignty as any other groups with hereditary deformations that lead to body disabilities. This is according to science but still ethically, marriage of the same sex should not be allowed and instead, the concerned parties should be counsele d and guided to avoid such immoral behavior. In brief, policy makers should structure a set of laws that will strongly discourage people engaged or those who have intentions getting involved in such disgusting inhuman behavior and the whole community in general from strongly leaning towards homosexual tendencies. Reversibility of the trait Most people say that homosexuality is an innate and irreversible progression that cannot be downcast by restrictions. This might not hold true considering the fact that in the beginning homosexuality was not there. Mostly, legal prices are imposed on these acts to depress persistent involvement in this act (Kamiat 230). This serves the purpose of dispiriting people from appealing to this act. It is very true that an infant with homosexual genes can be transformed to a normal human being. A biological study suggests that once exposed to new environment old characteristics in human beings extinct with time. On the contrary, some scientists argue aga inst this. Anyway, let us believe these genes do not even exist considering that these characteristics did not portray themselves in the beginning of the world, and so they have been learnt later. Conclusion In brief, it has been argued by conformists and spiritual bodies that homosexuality should not be endorsed. As far as discrimination neglects right to those who have already conformed to homosexuality, we should think of living in holy and sacred society. We should not join hands to support such dirty acts that soil the moral standards that God put in the beginning of this world. Indeed, we should recognize that God teachings weigh more than people’s own decisions and practices that emerged the other day (Borg 36). This will enhance respect and dignity in today’s society. As a result, we shall live in a blessed world and escape wrath of the Lord our Father. Therefore, a man should marry a woman and sire children, and as a result fill the world as God said. Therefor e marriage of the same sex should not be legalized.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Opposition to the Legalization of Same Sex Marriage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Ayers, Tess, and Paul, Brown. The essential guide to gay and lesbian weddings. San Francisco: Harper San Francisco, 1994. Print. Borg, Marcus. Reading the Bible again for the first time: Taking the Bible seriously but not literally. New York: Harper Collins, 2002. Print. Garber, Marjorie. Vested Interests: Cross-Dressing and Cultural Anxiety. London: Routledge, 1992. Print. Kamiat, Arnold. â€Å"A Psychology of Asceticism,† Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 23 (1928): 223-231. Sherman, Suzanne. Lesbian and gay marriage: Private commitments, public ceremonies. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1992. Print This essay on Opposition to the Legalization of Same Sex Marriage was written and submitted by user Coen Reese to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A Quiz About Parenthetical Punctuation

A Quiz About Parenthetical Punctuation A Quiz About Parenthetical Punctuation A Quiz About Parenthetical Punctuation By Mark Nichol Em dashes are woefully underused and misused. Here are five sentences that would be much improved by their proper use, or by proper use of other punctuation in cooperation with them. Determine how each sentence would benefit from changes in punctuation and compare your revisions with my suggested solutions at the bottom of the page: 1. â€Å"Not in years, like more than ten years, have I seen someone so committed to owning the stage.† 2. â€Å"Such pioneers trigger and indeed hope for gentrification leading to more and more middle-class home buyers being willing to take a chance on the neighborhood.† 3. â€Å"You, yes you, can say you were there for the advent of the Apple iPod.† 4. â€Å"It’ll take years to know if it works in humans but in mice the tumors almost completely disappeared.† 5. â€Å"Consumer-oriented businesses are trying to find the words, logo, image and, of course, products that will indelibly brand themselves as environmentally friendly.† Answers and Explanations 1. The phrase â€Å"like more than ten years† (with like, as an interjection, separated from the rest of the phrase with a comma), is more emphatic than one that would merely be parenthesized between commas: â€Å"Not in years like, more than ten years have I seen someone so committed to owning the stage.† 2. The clause beginning with leading does not merit being set off from the rest of the sentence with an em dash, but the phrase â€Å"and indeed hope for,† with the interjection indeed bracketed by commas, should be emphasized by being framed by a pair of em dashes: â€Å"Such pioneers trigger and, indeed, hope for gentrification, leading to more and more middle-class home buyers being willing to take a chance on the neighborhood.† 3. â€Å"Yes you,† with a necessary comma between the words, is such an interruptive element that bracketing by a pair of em dashes is necessary: â€Å"You- yes, you- can say you were there for the advent of the Apple iPod.† 4. Just as you’d do in the case of a pair of commas in a sentence that doesn’t sound quite right, diagnostically remove a parenthetical phrase framed by em dashes from an awkward sentence. In this case, â€Å"but in mice† is an essential dependent clause for the second half of the sentence, and the em dash following it is incorrect. The first em dash can be replaced by a comma, or the single dash can be retained: â€Å"It’ll take years to know if it works in humans but in mice, the tumors almost completely disappeared.† 5. Parentheticals are just that interjections, short or long, that are parenthetical to the main sentence, and any parts of speech within them are integral to the interjection alone. Therefore, without the parenthesis set off by em dashes, this sentence lacks a conjunction in the list of three elements preceding the first dash. Here’s the corrected version: â€Å"Consumer-oriented businesses are trying to find the words, logo, and image- and, of course, products- that will indelibly brand themselves as environmentally friendly.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:45 Synonyms for â€Å"Food†5 Brainstorming Strategies for WritersList of Prefixes and Suffixes and their Meanings

Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Process - Essay Example Human life, like the life of a leaf, goes through various stages from birth to death and Mrs. Diane Ackerman's symbolic representation of this process helps one in comprehending the real nature of life. The process of human life is symbolically similar to that of a leaf that changes from a green leaf to the dirt, according to the laws of nature. A leaf is very tender and light green when it starts its growth and it becomes green and full of life when days pass by. Similarly, a human being grows from his infancy through adulthood to old age and he becomes part of mud and dirt when he dies. It is a process which is similar to the growth a leaf from a green leaf to the dirt and this process asserts that change is essential for nature by which it preserves the balance of the world. Mrs. Diane Ackerman effectively presents the process of human life through the symbolic representation of a leaf's life from green leaf to the dirt. Human life is a process which starts with birth and ends in death, and it is according to the law of change which keeps the nature in balance. First of all, when a child is born it is like the tender plant or leaf and both grow to become mature. Then, the tender leaf grows to become a green leaf and it is an important phase of its development.

Smoking-Legal Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Smoking-Legal Studies - Essay Example view of the statement above outline, briefly, the current legislation relating to the smoke free environment in England and consider whether it is effective and in line with an individual’s human rights. Government plans to tackle the issue of smoking and to try to encourage people to quit led to the introduction in July 2007 of 6 relevant pieces of legislation aimed at businesses and public places1. The Health Act 2006 gives a definitive list of all those places that are covered by the No Smoking Ban and describes in detail the definition of public places so as to give clarity to all persons that the Act applies to. Penalties for anyone in breach of the new regulation are in the form of fixed penalties notices. Payment of the fixed penalty will mean that the person issued with the notice can avoid having the conviction entered against them. If the person refuses to pay or tries to prevent the officer from carrying out his duties then a summary conviction will follow2. Where an individual is caught smoking in a smoke-free place they could receive a fixed penalty notice for  £50 or a fine of up to  £200 and a summary conviction. The ban on smoking applies not only to public places but also to vehicles that are used for business uses such as company cars, taxis or business vehicles including delivery vans3. Although the level of compliance is high many still feel that this is an infringement of their human rights and that the government are wrong to enforce the ban on people4. Data published by the Department of Health in August 2007 after inspections had been carried out around the UK revealed that 97% of those inspected were smoke free within 2 weeks of the legislation coming into force5. In a report published by the NHS in November 2007 they report 98% compliance and 75% of adults supporting the ban6. The Minister of State for Health, Dawn Primarolo had predicted that the level of compliance would be high based on similar results when the ban was enforced in

Starbucks and Types of Ownerships Essay Example for Free

Starbucks and Types of Ownerships Essay Most companies have different types of ownerships; from being a sole proprietor to having a partnership. Starbucks has a legal entity, distinct from any individual persons, with the power to own property and conduct business, also known as a Corporation. From becoming a Corporation, Starbucks has setbacks, but they also have benefits. Starbucks plays a big role in the growth of the United States and many other countries. The transportation options were made possible by railways, commercial airplanes, and mass-produced cars and trucks. They had the ability to pull money by selling shares of stock to outside investors; for example, when they licensed themselves out to Target or Barns and Noble. However, investors can easily and quickly convert their stock into cash by selling it on the open market. Having an ownership like a Corporation can also make your corporate stocks look like an attractive investment, which can increase the number of people and institutions willing to buy or invest their time? Corporations can use shares of their own stock to acquire other companies or find willing buyers for a corporate stock. Starbucks being a corporation has unlimited liability, but the various shareholders who own the corporation face limited liabilities? For example, as much as they put in or invest into that specific company, is as much as they potentially have of losing. Alex Whitt, an Assistant Manager at a Starbucks located in Manteca said, â€Å"I enjoy the fact that the company I work for is a Corporation because no matter what store I choose to work at or get transferred to, won’t have a transition I’d really need to get used to. Meaning, because Starbucks is a Corporation, each individual store is ran the same in some way shape or form; from creating the same experience for each customer to knowing how to make each drink the same because each Starbucks carries the same type of products to produce the same taste in ever cup. It’s always a question that comes up. What was the company like when it first started? Well, a lot can be learned about finding out the history of your favorite store. For Starbucks, 3 men got together for the love of coffee and opened up the first Starbucks store in 1971. English teacher Jerry Baldwin, history teacher Zev Siegel, and writer Gordon Bowker opened the store† (The McGraw-Hill Companies) â€Å"in the touristy Pikes Place Market in Seattle† (The McGraw-Hill Companies). They all were interested in fine coffee and exotic tea, which was what Starbucks established for. They came up with the Starbucks name â€Å"in honor of Starbuck, the coffee-loving first mate in Herman Melville’s Moby Dick† (The McGraw-Hill Companies). Including that it gave off a romantic feel of the store’s name as well. The logo, which is a two-tailed mermaid with the store’s name circling it, was designed by an artist friend. Starbucks was inspired by Alfred Peet who opened a small store known as Peet’s Coffee and Tea. In the 1980s, Siegel got burnout and eventually left the company to pursue other interests. Baldwin took over day-by-day management for the company and was acting chief executive officer. And Bowker stayed involved with the company but was more involved with his advertising and design firm. In 1982, â€Å"Howard Schultz took on his new responsibilities at Starbucks† (The McGraw-Hill Companies). Prior to this, there were many meetings and interviews within a year with Baldwin and Bowker before they finally made a decision. The stone continued to grow and got ideas from pretty much anywhere which has led up to the Starbucks that we know today. Entrepreneurship the spirit of innovation, the initiative, and the willingness to take the risk involved in creating and operating a business. Courtland L. Bovee, 2011)This is exactly what Howard Schultz had in mind; he once said â€Å"I believe life is a series of near misses. A lot of what we ascribe to luck is not luck at all. It’s seizing the day and accepting responsibility for your future. It’s seeing what other people don’t and pursuing that vision. † (Ogden)His vision of creating a coffee house where people not only have a cup of coffee, a place where people interact a third home away from home as the own Schultz puts it. Imagination, passion, a clear vision are some of Schultz ingredients for success. From a poor boy living on the poorest neighborhoods in New York to the owner of a multibillion company Schultz trained for success. (Ogden)He used the same principles as to when he was an athlete he never gave up instead he tackled the situation with an attitude of endurance and stayed focused to overcome any situation. Schultz had a vision of creating an Italian Cafe experience here in the United States. His vision led him to launch his own Italian cafe. This was the beginning of something big. He built a brand, by focusing on the total experience of the Starbucks customer. Schultz has made people his priority; by meeting employee’s expectations in return he has built a loyal more dedicated workforce, resulting in higher levels of customer service. â€Å"Our mission statement about treating people with respect and dignity is not just words but a creed we live by every day,† says Schultz (Ogden) Another key element to his success was his ability of recognizing his strengths and weaknesses. He knew he wasn’t going to do it all by himself instead he recruit others that share the same vision and values and that brought different strengths to the mix. Till this day is something he fosters and attributes to his success. Without these key elements Starbucks would not be the company that it is now. His entrepreneurial vision and innovative thinking has placed him among the top business entrepreneurs. ?

Of Mice And Men Vs The Pearl :: essays research papers

The aspect of the John Steinbeck novels, The Pearl and Of Mice and Men, that is most comparable is how, in both books, Steinbeck denies the main characters of each book, Kino and George and Lennie to change their role in life or to beat fate. Steinbeck’s grim outlook of life was perhaps brought on through his early failures and poverty, because all three of the pre-mentioned characters had opportunities to change their fate or role but failed. The elements of discussion are Kino, George and Lennie, a comparison and a contrast. Kino found one of the most valuable and precious pearls in the world and being convinced of its worth was not going to be cheated by only minimally upgrading his condition of life. Instead he wanted to break the fixed life and role that he and his family had and always would live. Kino refuses the maximum offer of fifteen hundred pesos that would easily ease his and his family’s pain and suffering for the coming months. Kino is then determined to trek to the capital to find a fair and just offer. Kino continues determined through the mountains after an attempt at the pearl, his canoe destroyed and his hut set a blaze. Continuing to put his family’s life on the line. It eventually takes the death of his beloved son Coyotito to make him realize he needs to stop being so greedy, no matter how hard he tries and to shut his mouth and know his role. George and Lennie have to continue to move around the country looking for work until Lennie screws up again. The instability of work only makes it that much harder for them to complete their dream of a farm of their own. Candy’s participation in the dream of the farm upgrades the dream into a possible reality. As the tending of rabbits comes closer to happening fate curses them with the accidental death of Curley’s wife. The end of their wishful thinking is summed up by Candy’s question on page 104, â€Å"Then-it’s all off?† Things that are similar about the two novels and how both of their dreams were crushed are both are groups of people who have these dreams and each finds or meets something that can help their dreams come true, the pearl and Candy. Furthermore, the realization of their dreams coming to an end is, in both books, caused by the death of someone who is a part of the dream, Coyotito and Lennie.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Application and Human Factor

Unmanned aerial vehicle, or UAV, is one of the latest aircrafts recently being utilized by the United States Military. Its conception has provided Air Force pilots with assurances of safe return after a combat mission, a feat never before attained in warfare’s history. Since its invention in the 1920’s, several technological advances have been made; extending flight distance and duration capabilities, and pay loading armaments comparable to those of manned fighter jets. Since UAVs are usually controlled by an external pilot on Ground Control Stations, or GCS, it is unavoidable for this system to be faced with human factors, sometimes resulting in mission failures, at times even in aircraft crashes. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Applications and Human Factor Recent technology has introduced to us a new form of aircraft in aviation. Perhaps due to the increasing incidents of aircraft accidents during these past decades, which often resulted in the deaths of even the most experienced pilots, airline conglomerates and military authorities had painstakingly searched for the completion of the invention of Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles, or UAV. In this paper, we shall be witnesses to a technology that has the potential to virtually eliminate pilot casualties, whether in war, espionage missions, or even in commercial flights. We shall also see how human factors affect such technology, in terms of control and manipulation of the aircraft, and the causal possibilities of human error in accidents. Background The United States’ Department of Defense defines the UAV as, â€Å"powered aerial vehicles that do not carry a human operator, use aerodynamic forces to provide vehicle lift, and can fly autonomously or be piloted remotely† (Bone, 2003, p. 2). United States’ war on terrorism has put UAVs missions as important in the gathering of intelligence data. Its unquestionable successes in the wars in Iraq, Kosovo, and Afghanistan had opened the military minds on its advantages during wartime. Missions that used to be reserved for Air force top guns, now the UAVs are slowly taking the front seat. UAVs have two obvious advantages over manned aircrafts: first is, they are found to be cost efficient; and it eliminates the dangers faced by the pilots’ during missions (Bone, 2003, p2). Bone cites a number of reasons on the seeming delay of the technology of UAV. One is because the technology to effectively fly a UAV mission has only recently been made available. Another is due to the Air Force’s slowly fading silk scarf syndrome, which gave preference to manned over unmanned flight missions, thus allowing for the UAV to gain more flight hours. Yet another is due to the earlier absence of a global crisis, which could have allowed for a quicker invention of the UAV due to the extreme shortage in the U. S. military of an espionage aircraft (2003, p. 5). UAVs size varies from a few centimeters in length to that of a 747 jet liner. U. S. Department of Defense currently has in its possession five types of UAVs: The Predator and Global Hawk of the Air Force; the Pioneer by the Navy and the Marines; the Hunter and the Shadow by the Army (Bone, 2003, p2). Despite the notion that UAVs have only recently been developed in the United States, it has been in existence in aviation for almost a century. UAVs were first tested in 1920, during World Wa r 1, but the United States did not put it into combat action. It was Germany who had laid the foundations on this technology during World War 2, with the invention of the V-1 Flying bomb. But it was to be in the Vietnam War that UAVs were first used as an espionage plane, with AQM-34 Firebee. Firebee epitomized what the UAV should be: versatile, easy to operate, transportable to other areas, and can easily be converted to payload missiles. In a speech by former President Bush in December of 2001, he had expressed his belief in the UAVs technology, particularly The Predator, as the future of warfare; as stated in a report to the American Congress in 2003 by Elizabeth Bone: This unmanned aerial vehicle is able to circle our enemy forces, gather intelligence, transmit information instantly back to commanders, then fire on targets with extreme accuracy†¦We’re entering an era where unmanned vehicles of all kinds will take on greater importance† (p. 7). U. S. Military U. A. V. s 1. MQ-1 Predator: It is about half the size of an F-16 fighter jet, a tail shaped like an inverted V, and is 27 feet in length and 7 feet high. It reaches a maximum altitude of 25, 000 feet, but for the fitted video cameras to work at its best, it needs to be at about 10,000 to 15,000 feet in altitude. Its take off and landing capabilities are similar to that of the normal aircraft, with the pilot on ground control. The Predator’s main job is airborne reconnaissance and accurate target pinpointing. It is equipped with a Synthetic Aperture Radar, or SAR, enabling it to see through bad weather conditions. Newer models also have capabilities to launch smaller UAVs to carry out varying missions. Each Predator unit’s estimated cost is $4. 5 million, and $30 million for the whole system (Bone, 2003, p. 25). 2. RQ-2 Pioneer: This UAV is the only type on the Navy’s and Marine’s arsenal (Bone, 2003, p. 29). It was obtained by the U. S. Navy in 1986 from Israel after proving its worth with their war with Lebanon. RQ-2 Pioneer is about half the size of the Predator, at 14 feet in length, and its maximum attainable altitude is 15,000 feet. It can remain airborne for 5 hours straight, and since its acquisition, it has accumulated over 23,000 flight hours giving suppo rt to the Navy and the Marines. The cost of Pioneer is estimated at $250,000 to $1 million, depending on the payload (Bone, 2003, p. 30). 3. RQ-5 Hunter: The Hunter weighs 1,600 lbs, is capable of flying at 25,000 feet altitude, and can stay airborne for 12 hours straight. It is equipped with E-O/IR sensor which enables it to fly in night missions. Recently, plans have been made to use Hunter to act as a reconnaissance to a squadron of attack helicopters, such as the Apache and RAH-66 Comanche, to maximize the helicopters’ attack zone. In 2002, a successful experiment was made wherein Hunter’s control was linked to the mainframe computers of the Apache’s during flight missions. The success of the experiment greatly maximized Apache’s efficiency during battle conditions. Weapons payload includes the Brilliant Anti-Armor submunition, or BAT, an effective annihilator of tanks and armored personnel carriers. Hunter’s cost with payload is $1. 2 million, ad the whole system at $30 million (Bone, 2003, p. 33). 4. RQ-7 Shadow 200: Shadow 200, a product of AAI Corporation, is 11 feet in length and has a wingspan of 13 feet. It was strategically designed for brigade operations, thus its range is only 30 nm and has a flight duration of 4 hours. And although its maximum attainable altitude is 14,000 feet, it works best at only under 8,000 feet altitude. The Shadow is equipped with an E-O/IR sensor video camera for day or night missions, and has the capability to transmit data to ground control in real-time. The Shadow cost is pegged at $350,000 while the whole system is at $10. 7 million (Bone, 2003, p. 36). 5. FQM-151 Pointer: All the branches of the U. S. military have, in the past, tried to develop their own type of hand-launched Pointer that measures around 6 feet in the last 15 years, and some of them had been on war missions, particularly in gulf War and Dessert Storm. However, the design officially approved by the Military is the AeroVironment’s Pointer UAV, which weighs 10 pounds, and has a wingspan of 9 feet. It can stay afloat for 90 minutes and has an up to 3-mile operational distance from ground control, within altitudes of 100-300 feet. Pointer UAVs have been best-suited for pay loading experimental miniscule sensors and have been a popular choice for Drug Enforcement Agency, National Guard, and Special Operations Forces (Bone, 2003, p. 37). 5. RQ-4 Global Hawk: This UAV is by far the most expensive ever produced, with per unit cost amounting to $75 million (Bone, 2003, p. 39). It specializes in high altitude, long duration flights that provides near real-time videos of large geographical sections. It is also the first ever UAV to make a successful trans-Pacific flight, when it travelled from California to Australia in April 22-23, of 2001 (Bone, 2003, p. 37). Its effectivity was tested in Afghanistan, when it flew more than 50 combat missions accumulating more than 1,000 combat hours, despite still being on its experimental stage. Global hawk is about the size of a corporate jet, measuring 44 feet in length and weighing 26, 750 lbs. Its maximum altitude limit is almost double than that of a commercial liner, at 65,000 feet, and is capable of flying over 35 hours without refueling. However, Global Hawk’s most apparent advantage is its capability of taking off, flying, and landing autonomously in any kind of weather. Commanders in the battle field aptly call this UAV as, â€Å"the theater commander’s around-the-clock, low hanging surveillance satellite† (Bone, 2003, p. 38). Global Hawk’s pay load consists of a 2,000 pound group of sensors, which is much larger than on any of the previous UAVs. it includes an all weather SAR with a Moving Target Indicator capability, E-O digital camera, IR sensor, and a Signals Intelligence Sensor, or SIGINT, making it a virtually multi-intelligence UAV (Bone, 2003, p. 8). As a testament to its technological superiority, Global Hawk’s radar-sensors and IR cameras were able to accurately pinpoint Iraqi targets in March 24-27, of 2002, despite of having a near-zero visibility on the ground due to a relentless sandstorm in Iraq. 6. Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle: UCAV is the first ever unmanned aero-system designed primarily and purely for combat missions. It is similar in size to the Air Force’s Predator, at 27 feet in length and a wingspan of 34 feet. Equal to manned fighter jets in weaponry and stealth capabilities, the U. S. Armed Forces plan on having one-third of its deep-strike fighter jets be unmanned by the year 2010 (Bone, 2003, p. 42). Due to its 1,000 to 3,000 pound-weapons payload, UCAV’s primary combat mission would be SEAD, or Suppression of Enemy Air Defense, to be followed by precision targeting of enemy installations. 7. Vertical Takeoff and Landing Tactical UAV: Commonly known as VTUAV Fire Scout, it is a helicopter-looking design intended as a replacement for the Pioneer. It is about 23 feet in length, with a maximum altitude of 20,000 feet and maximum flight duration of 6 hours. Its maximum distance of operations is 110 nm from the control ship and has a speed of 115 knots (Bone, 2003, p. 43). UTUAV Fire Scout, unlike the Pioneer which utilizes a net in order to be recovered in a ship, ha the capability of autonomously taking off and landing through the use of sensors. Fire Scout is an unmanned equivalent of the commercial-use Schweitzer helicopter, it ahs an E-O/IR sensor that also serves as a laser targeting designator. It is also capable of mine-detecting, and is equipped with Hellfire missiles. Fire Scouts are being utilized in special operations support and homeland security services (Bone, 2009, p. 4). 8. Dragon Eye: it is the opposite of the Global Hawk in terms of range and size. Being a 5-pounder, with just a 45 inch wingspan UAV, the Dragon Eye can provide marines with over-the-hill surveillance of enemy troops, making it an ideal UAV for urban warfare, chemical, as well as biological-oriented missions. It is portable enough to fit in a backpack and can be launched by hand or with a bungee cord. This UAV can stay aloft for 1 hour, at a height of 300-500 feet, with speeds of up to 40 mph. Because of its small frame, its production cost which includes three planes, is only at $90,000 (Bone, 2003, p. 7). 9. Dragon Warrior: Resembling a small helicopter of about 105 inches long and flight range of 50 miles, and maximum duration of 3 hours, this will be a vertical take off and landing UAV designed for surveillance in urban areas. It will also be equipped with E-O/IR sensor camera and a laser target designator. 10. A-160 Hummingbird: The Hummingbird is also an unmanned helicopter designed to have longer flight duration and distance over the other models, with a range of 2,000 nm and a duration lasting for 48 hours, respectively. With its maximum flight altitude of 30,000 feet and a speed of 130-140kt, it will greatly assist in surveillance, targeting thru laser designation, communications relaying, weapons delivery to infantries, and special operations missions (Bone, 2003, p. 49). 11. Scan Eagle: Boeing’s UAV can be optionally launched from a ship, on land, or even from a submarine. The idea if to have a horde of 4-foot UAVs linked directly on a submarine for reconnaissance purposes. 12. Eagle Eye: This type of UAV takes off like a helicopter, and then flips its rotor blades to fly like an airplane. Its speed is up to 220 knots and has a distance of 300 miles. This type of UAV is suited for patrolling the coastline, locating ships in distress, and also has the capability to transmit videos to command centers. Production cost for the Eagle eye is at $3 million per plane (Bone, 2003, p. 50). 13. Micro Air Vehicle, MAV: unlike the UAVs, MAV is only inches in length, and production costs would be in the thousands and not in millions. As an example, the Organic Air Vehicle, or OAV, measures only 9 inches wide. It has a ducted fan design, and carries an E-O sensor, which comes in infrared or acoustic models. Because of its very small size, MAVs can be programmed for watch-and-stare missions on enemy troops while on air, and also while on land. These MAVs can autonomously lift off and land on itself. Modifications have also been done, resulting in the advent of UCAR, or Unmanned Combat Armed Rotorcraft. These will have the capability as a reconnaissance to ground troops, as well as offensive purposes. It will also be capable of system-linking with other manned and UAVs for performing synchronized attacks (Bone, 2003, p. 51). Human Factor in UAV Flights Since unmanned flights have slowly been gaining popularity in both military and commercial uses, perhaps it will be sooner than we expect for UAVs to replace manned flights permanently. It would be wise for us to give insights on issues concerning cognitive factors affecting the pilots, especially since accident occurrences in UAV flights have been proven to be over thirty times more common than in manned aircraft flights (McCarley & Wickens, 2005, p. 2). It is also possible for UAV pilots to be manning more than one aircraft simultaneously, entailing never-before-encountered workload pressures. Manual v Automated Flights 1. It has been widely accepted that the effect of automation has not resulted in the elimination of human workload but the introduction of new ones, forcing the pilots to develop new strategies (McCarley & Wickens, 2005, p. 4). The changing of strategies is often the result descriptive of an imperfect system, not of the computer software type, but of the factors that even a perfectly-running automation system would not be able to detect, such as the icing of an UAV wing. 2. The present UAV take off and landing automated procedures differ according to the model. Such that the Hunter and the Pioneer require an on-site external pilot; the Predator to be controlled on a separate aircraft within the Ground Control Site; while there are some cases, as in Global Hawk, where full automation is integrated. These differences seem to be significant, take off and landing errors make up for a majority of accidents attributed to human factors; Hunter with 67% and the Pioneer with 78%, both are externally controlled (McCarley & Wickens, 2005, p. ). 3. An external pilot of a UAV basically relies on computer imagery in controlling the aircraft. The visual quality of the imagery, however, has the possibility of being diminished due to factors affecting bandwidth, resulting in poor resolution or a delay in image uploading. Situations such as these may prejudice overall aircraft control and visibility of air traffic. This poses a clear danger in military missions, more so in the planned commercial implementation of autonomic control of commercial flights. 4. On way of solving the problem stated in #3 is by the use of enhanced reality, or synthetic vision (McCarley & Wickens, 2005, p. 7). In this system, images from the actual camera shots of a UAV will be converted to display landmarks on a given terrain, thus creating a virtual reality world that the external pilot can manipulate. The problem with this system is that pilot’s over reliance on synthetic imagery would lead to a possible neglect of some natural landmarks not visible in the imagery system. Thus, using this method would be beneficial for the UAV performance but comes with a potential risk. . One of the resulting effects of separating the pilot from the aircraft is that the pilot would be denied of his real-time sensory reactions otherwise available in a manned aircraft, and that he would have to rely on computer monitors provided for by the cameras onboard the UAV. Hence, we can conclude that the external pilot only functions in a relatively sensory isolation from t he UAV he is controlling. It would be of utmost importance for the developers to design an alarms system to keep the pilots abreast of the real-time environmental situations and probable system failures. . Since UAV pilots are not in danger of injury or death in the event of their aircraft crashing, this could, in theory, prove to be a big difference in the pilot’s risk-taking decisions, such as in going through a flight plan on a bad weather. Sensory isolation factor could be magnified during these situations (McCarley & Wickens, 2005, p. 10). 7. The accepted norm during long endurance UAV flights had been to switch control among different external pilots within a single flight. This process usually takes on three types: First is the transfer of UAV control from one Ground Control Station to another; second is through the transfer of control from one team of operators to another, within the same GCS; and last is through the transfer of control from one pilot to another within the same team. It has been documented that a significant number of UAV accidents happened during the transfer from one pilot to another, because the GCS taking over control of the UAV was not properly briefed beforehand (McCarley & Wickens, 2005, p. 0). 8. Instances of a total failure of the Ground Control Station-UAV communications link would prove to be disastrous. This scenario can be considered as a human factor because of the need for the Automated Traffic Center, or ATM, to be aware of the default programs of the UAV system in order to properly manage air traffic within their area. It would also be of the utmost importance for the external pilots themselves to be aware of the comm unications link failure as quickly as possible. 9. Researches on whether experienced manned pilots are better operators than novice manned pilots have ended in differing conclusions. Although generally, as the experiments revealed, experienced manned pilots reached the desired level of performance in landing and basic maneuvering skills faster than that of the novice’s. Other studies, however, based on the Army’s Job Assessment Software System, or JASS, revealed that piloting skills does not constitute a great deal in UAV operations, thus making the selection of top pilots as UAV operators insignificant (McCarley, & Wickens, 2005, p. 3). 10. Questions on medical qualifications of the UAV operator should also be brought into light. Since physical factors concerning high altitude temporary mental perception failure does not concern AUV pilots, still some type of medical fitness qualifications must be practiced. These must be able to determine if: the said qualifications should be more stringent or less for the UAV pilo ts; and, work duration limits should be established for long endurance missions. 11. Since the pressures and work load of a UAV pilot differs from that of a manned aircraft, and since formal training in flight schools are usually focused on instructing pilots for manned vehicles, which constitute less amount of time on simulations and more on the actual flight, the need arises for a training more attuned to giving more flight simulations to pilots of UAVs. This should be able to determine up to what extent trainee pilots should spend time on simulations in order to obtain a UAV certification. 12. Technological researches must be made to improve on the controls of the external pilot. At present, the controls of the UAV are similar to that of a radio-controlled hobbyist’s plane. This design poses a problem in the directional movement of the UAV with respect to the controller. As such, when the UAV and the pilot differ in position by 180 degrees, a rightward movement on the rudder will result in leftward movement of the UAV, and vice versa. Control rudders must be made to conform to the principle of human motion compatibility as to avoid further confusion for the pilot (McCarley & Wickens, 2005, p. 6).

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